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Java 19 新特性 (EOL)

官方发布介绍页面:https://openjdk.org/projects/jdk/19/

warning

生命周期结束时间(EOL): 2022/10/19

1. 虚拟线程 (第一次预览)​

虚拟线程是轻量级线程,旨在显著简化并发编程。

public class VirtualThreadsExample {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Thread.startVirtualThread(() -> System.out.println("Hello from virtual thread!"));
Thread.sleep(100); // Ensure the virtual thread has time to run
}
}

更详细的解释请查看JDK21章节。

2. 结构化并发 (第一次孵化)​

结构化并发旨在简化多线程编程,帮助避免常见的并发问题。

import java.util.concurrent.*;

public class StructuredConcurrencyExample {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
try (var scope = new StructuredTaskScope.ShutdownOnFailure()) {
Future<String> future1 = scope.fork(() -> "Task 1");
Future<String> future2 = scope.fork(() -> "Task 2");
scope.join();
scope.throwIfFailed();
System.out.println(future1.resultNow());
System.out.println(future2.resultNow());
}
}
}

3. switch支持模式匹配 (第三次预览)​

switch 语句中的模式匹配进一步增强。

public class PatternMatchingSwitchExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(formatterPatternSwitch(123));
System.out.println(formatterPatternSwitch("Hello"));
}

static String formatterPatternSwitch(Object obj) {
return switch (obj) {
case Integer i -> String.format("int %d", i);
case Long l -> String.format("long %d", l);
case Double d -> String.format("double %f", d);
case String s -> String.format("String %s", s);
default -> obj.toString();
};
}
}

4. 外部函数和内存API (第一次预览)​

外部函数和内存 API 允许 Java 程序调用本地代码和访问外部内存。

import jdk.incubator.foreign.*;

public class ForeignFunctionMemoryExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try (MemorySegment segment = MemorySegment.allocateNative(100)) {
MemoryAccess.setIntAtOffset(segment, 0, 42);
int value = MemoryAccess.getIntAtOffset(segment, 0);
System.out.println(value); // 42
}
}
}

5. Vector API (第四次孵化器)​

Vector API 允许在 Java 中进行矢量计算。

import jdk.incubator.vector.*;

public class VectorExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
VectorSpecies<Integer> SPECIES = IntVector.SPECIES_256;
int[] a = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8};
IntVector va = IntVector.fromArray(SPECIES, a, 0);
IntVector vb = va.add(1);
vb.intoArray(a, 0);
for (int i : a) {
System.out.println(i); // 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
}
}
}

6. 支持 Linux/RISC-V 平台​

JDK 19 引入了对 Linux/RISC-V 平台的支持。